Charles d



(No Model.)

0. D. ESTES.

HAND LOOM.

Patented Dec. 18, 1888.

H" UH) NW" Mul WITNESSES IJVVEJVTOR, M A164: I/n/a fl Ad .Alttorney n. PETERS plmmumo m mr, Washington. a a

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES D. ESTES, OF HIATVATHA, KANSAS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO EVERARD BIERER, OF SAME PLACE.

HAND-LOOM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 394,916, dated December 18, 1888.

Application filed May 1, 1888. Serial No. 272,439. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CHARLES D. EsrEs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Hiawatha, in the county of Brown and State of Kansas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hand-Looms; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it ap pertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to hand-looms, and has for its object the production of an apparatus of this character which will be simple in structure and will offer increased facilities to the operator for convenient and rapid handweaving.

The invention embodies certain features of construction which will be hereinafter fully described in this specification,and then clearly indicated in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section on a median line of the apparatus. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 3 is a side elevation showing part of the frame and ln'ake-handle in section. Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail of the ratchetwheel. Fig. is a partial detail, enlarged, of the lneast-beam.

1 is a frame on which are mounted the several parts of the loom. A yarn or warp beam, 2, is trunnioned on one end of the frame and a breast-beam, 3, on the other end, the warp being carried around the breast-beam and secured to the cloth-beam C. The warp-beam is provided with a series of hooks, 5, to which the warp is attached before winding it upon the beam from a spool or hank. The warpl eam is transversely corrugated or grooved by means of annular walls 6, and is provided with a crank, 7, so that the thread or yarn may be conven ientl y wound. The corrugations in this beam facilitate winding, as the respective warptl[reads will be guided into their places by the walls 0, and adjoining layers of thread will not overlap and create a possibility of obliging the operator to stop the machine to prevent tangling. As the weaving proceeds,

the cloth is wound upon a drum or spindle, 4, by means of the following mechanism: At the rear part of the loom is trunnion ed a ratchetwheel, 8 9, provided with pins 13, adapted to be engaged by pawls or dogs 10 11, pivotally secured to treadles 141 and pressed toward the ratchet-wheel by springs 12. The warpbeam is normally prevented from turning by a brake-block, 25, adapted to be thrown into and out of engagement with a disk, 26, carried on said beam. The brake is controlled by a screw handle, L, the handle being held against longitudinal movement by a flange on its rear side, as shown in Fig. 3.v

The harness, which is not shown, is hung upon a rock-shaft or roller, 20, and may be controlled by the treadles 14 15. A lever, 28, is placed atone side of the loom and provided with an arm, 29, to co-operate with the pawls 10 11, so as to throw them out of engagement with the ratchet-wheels when the cloth-beam is not being shifted. A rack-bar, 32, holds the lever depressed and keeps the pawls out of engagement with the ratchet-wheel. Suitable gearing, 16 17, and belt-wheels 18 19 communicate a slow motion to the cloth-beam from the ratchet-wheel when the pawls are in engagement and the treadles are alternately depressed with the feet. The same treadles which operate the harness are preferably used to operate the ratchet-wheel. The depression of one treadle will therefore elevate the other, and their alternate mox ement will, when lever 28 is raised sutticiently to enable the pawls to act, wind up the cloth on the cloth-beam. A seat, 21, is attached to the frame for the operator, and a shield, 22, is placed around the breast-beam to prevent engagement of his clothing with the cloth.

is the batten which drives the weftthreads home after the shuttle has been thrown through the shed. This batten is supported on leaf-springs 27 at the bottom and sides of the loom, and after driving home a thread is automaticallyreturned toits normal position by the resiliency of the springs.

The breast-beam 3 is provided with adjustable collars 30, in which are radial pins 31. The collar may be adjusted along the beam to suit any width of cloth, and secured in place by a set-screw, 30 (See Fig. 5.)

The operation will be clear from the above description. The warp-threads are first reeled upon the warp-beam and their ends carried forward and passed through the harness and the reeds in the usual manner. They are then carried over the breast-beam and secured to the cloth-beam. The operation of the treadles l-l 15 will raise and lower alternate warpthreads in the usual way. The batten maybe very quickly shifted, and then released, the operator, if necessary, having both h ands free immediately after the weft-thread is driven home. The radial pins 31. prevent accidental. displacement of the extreme warp-threads at the beginning of the fabric, and also prevents any lateral movement of the cloth on the beam. The collars to which the pins are attached, being adjustable, may be shifted to correspond to any width of cloth. \Vhen a short section of cloth has been woven,lever 28 is raised and the pawls l0 11 are pressed into engagement with the ratchet-wheel by their sprin The brake 2i loosened. The treadlcs ll 15 are then operated and rotate the ratchet-wheel and co-eperating gearin g,windin g the cloth on the cloth-beam and unwindingthe warp from the thread-beam. \Vhen the warp is exhausted, the hooks 5 form a convenient device for gripping the threads and rewindin g the beam from a hank.

As an auxiliary means oi taking up the slack in the warp-threar'ls and woven material, the journals 4 of the beam are mounted in sliding bearin 41, co operating with a grooved support, 40. shifted by screw-rods 4-2, extending to a point These bearings may be within easy reach of the operator and provided withhandles 43. By adjusting the rods the cloth may be kept properly stretched to a nicety not attainable by the pawl mechanism.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a hand-loom, the combination of a warp-beam, a brake for controlling its movement, a cloth-beam, sliding bearings for the journals of said cloth-beam, and an adjust ing-rod extending to the front of the machine for shiftin g the bearings and regulating the tension of the cloth.

2. In a hand-loom, the combination, with the cloth-beam, of a ratchet-wheel, slow gearing between the two, a spring-pressed pawl cooperating with the ratchet-wheel, a treadle for reciprocatingthe pawl, said treadle extending to the front of the machine, and a lever accessible to the operator in weaving for throwing the pawl out of engagement with the ratchet-wheel, whereby the treadle may be normally used for actuating other parts of the machine when the ratchet-wheel is not being operated.

:3. In a hand-loom, the combination of a batten and fixed springs at the bottom and side of the loom secured to said batten, sub stantiall y as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

(HARL IS I). ESTES.

\Vitnesses:

XV. E. CHAPMAN, F. B. DIcKAsoN. 

